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        "quote": "虽然物理学家更倾向于使用自伴泡利矩阵及其实特征值，但也可以改用<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-role=\"discussion\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:14b2f149-bd42-4f49-b8b9-6bcd538c6992\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-14b2f149-bd42-4f49-b8b9-6bcd538c6992\" id=\"first-17f0edac1ef6688ad627-zh\">反自伴矩阵(skew-adjoint matrix)</u>：",
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      "label": "斜伴随矩阵(skew-adjoint matrix)",
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        "quote": "它是某个对角化后的[<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-reference=\"concept-4-skew-adjoint-operator\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:14b2f149-bd42-4f49-b8b9-6bcd538c6992\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-14b2f149-bd42-4f49-b8b9-6bcd538c6992\">斜伴随矩阵(skew-adjoint matrix)</u>](05-adjoint-operators#concept-4-skew-adjoint-operator)的指数",
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        "quote": "因此，要取指数的矩阵必须是[<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-reference=\"concepts/linear-algebra/skew-adjoint-matrix\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:14b2f149-bd42-4f49-b8b9-6bcd538c6992\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-14b2f149-bd42-4f49-b8b9-6bcd538c6992\">斜伴随矩阵(skew-adjoint matrix)</u>](../../../../../concepts/linear-algebra/skew-adjoint-matrix)（也可以证明该条件是充分的），满足",
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        "quote": "对于[<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-reference=\"concepts/linear-algebra/unitary-group\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:98d3a096-7153-450f-9725-091ca1eea20c\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-98d3a096-7153-450f-9725-091ca1eea20c\">酉群(unitary group)</u>](../../../../../concepts/linear-algebra/unitary-group) $U(n)$，酉性条件要求 $X$ 是[<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-reference=\"concepts/linear-algebra/skew-adjoint-matrix\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:14b2f149-bd42-4f49-b8b9-6bcd538c6992\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-14b2f149-bd42-4f49-b8b9-6bcd538c6992\">斜伴随矩阵(skew-adjoint matrix)</u>](../../../../../concepts/linear-algebra/skew-adjoint-matrix)（也称为[<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-reference=\"concepts/linear-algebra/skew-adjoint-matrix\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:4f876e03-2ba8-494f-b0f2-afd46ab6b934\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-4f876e03-2ba8-494f-b0f2-afd46ab6b934\" id=\"first-f5be45f798ddcc61a933-zh\">斜厄米矩阵(skew-Hermitian matrix)</u>](../../../../../concepts/linear-algebra/skew-adjoint-matrix)），并满足",
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        "quote": "2. 将 $\\mathbf R^3$ 与无迹复 $2\\times2$ [<u id=\"concept-6-skew-adjoint-matrix\" class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-reference=\"concepts/linear-algebra/skew-adjoint-matrix\" data-concept-id=\"concept-6-skew-adjoint-matrix\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:14b2f149-bd42-4f49-b8b9-6bcd538c6992\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-14b2f149-bd42-4f49-b8b9-6bcd538c6992\">斜伴随矩阵(skew-adjoint matrix)</u>](../../../../../concepts/linear-algebra/skew-adjoint-matrix)空间对应，并取矩阵对易子为李括号。",
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