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        "quote": "周期边界条件是“[<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-reference=\"concepts/quantum-field-theory/infrared-cutoff\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:2bf16f8e-01b1-462f-807c-fde871a89a6f\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-2bf16f8e-01b1-462f-807c-fde871a89a6f\" id=\"first-ee4a811202cac3168b9b-zh\">红外截断(infrared cutoff)</u>](../../../../../concepts/quantum-field-theory/infrared-cutoff)”的一种形式：移除与任意大尺度相应的自由度，使量子系统良定义。先固定 $L$，再研究 $L\\to\\infty$。",
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