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        "quote": "使路径积分定义得更好的一种方法是在时间变量中进行解析延拓，正如在 12.5 节中对自由粒子情形所讨论的那样。在这种自由粒子情形中，在位置空间路径积分的定义中，用方程 12.8 代替方程 12.9 的使用，人们发现这导致路径上有一个定义良好的测度，即[<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-reference=\"concepts/probability/wiener-measure\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:4f2153cc-eb69-4a7d-ba5c-eabaf46627e6\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-4f2153cc-eb69-4a7d-ba5c-eabaf46627e6\" id=\"first-bf33b2fb096561412dd4-zh\">Wiener测度(Wiener measure)</u>](../../../../../concepts/probability/wiener-measure)。更一般地，当势能非零时，可以使用维纳测度技术来定义路径积分，得到的结果最终需要解析延拓回物理时间变量。",
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        "quote": "One method for making path integrals better defined is an analytic continuation in the time variable, as discussed in <a href=\"../chapter-12/05-the-propagator-in-position-space#section-12-5\" class=\"cross-reference\" id=\"xref-03-quantization-and-path-integrals-3\" data-reference=\"section-12-5\">section 12.5</a> for the case of a free particle. In such a free particle case, replacing the use of <a href=\"../chapter-12/05-the-propagator-in-position-space#equation-12-9\" class=\"cross-reference\" id=\"xref-03-quantization-and-path-integrals-4\" data-reference=\"equation-12-9\">equation 12.9</a> by <a href=\"../chapter-12/05-the-propagator-in-position-space#equation-12-8\" class=\"cross-reference\" id=\"xref-03-quantization-and-path-integrals-5\" data-reference=\"equation-12-8\">equation 12.8</a> in the definition of the position space path integral, one finds that this leads to a well-defined measure on paths, [<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-reference=\"concepts/probability/wiener-measure\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:4f2153cc-eb69-4a7d-ba5c-eabaf46627e6\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-4f2153cc-eb69-4a7d-ba5c-eabaf46627e6\" id=\"first-bf33b2fb096561412dd4-en\">Wiener measure</u>](../../../../../concepts/probability/wiener-measure). More generally, Wiener measure techniques can be used to define the path integral when the potential energy is non-zero, getting results that ultimately need to be analytically continued back to the physical time variable.",
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