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        "quote": "$H$ 中的 $h_0\\mathbf{1}$ 项贡献一个<span id=\"concept-3-overall-phase-factor\" class=\"block-anchor\"></span><u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-id=\"concept-3-overall-phase-factor\" data-concept-role=\"discussion\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:58e62b67-5cb1-4463-a967-c506506fb472\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-58e62b67-5cb1-4463-a967-c506506fb472\" id=\"first-c363a4bca209f00248fe-zh\">整体相位因子(overall phase factor)</u> $e^{-ih_0t}$。提出这一相位后，$U(t)$ 的剩余部分属于[<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-reference=\"concept-3-special-unitary-group\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:ae68704b-48d9-4342-ba60-9973c64e5093\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-ae68704b-48d9-4342-ba60-9973c64e5093\">特殊酉群(special unitary group)</u>](01-the-two-state-quantum-system#concept-3-special-unitary-group) $SU(2)$；它是更大的[<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-reference=\"concept-3-unitary-group-in-dimension-two\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:b0f1cb61-5cdc-49df-9d91-612c9a805bc9\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-b0f1cb61-5cdc-49df-9d91-612c9a805bc9\">二阶酉群(unitary group in dimension two)</u>](01-the-two-state-quantum-system#concept-3-unitary-group-in-dimension-two) $U(2)$ 的子群，而 $U(2)$ 由所有 $2\\times2$ 酉矩阵构成。",
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