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        "quote": "由于粒子的速度处处小于 $c ,$，可利用速度的相对论变换律，即<a href=\"02-relativistic-kinematics#equation-9-19\" class=\"cross-reference\" id=\"xref-03-particle-dynamics-1\" data-reference=\"equation-9-19\">式 (9.19)</a>，求出旋转与推动变换的组合，即<a href=\"02-relativistic-kinematics#equation-9-8\" class=\"cross-reference\" id=\"xref-03-particle-dynamics-2\" data-reference=\"equation-9-8\">式 (9.8)</a> 和<a href=\"02-relativistic-kinematics#equation-9-14\" class=\"cross-reference\" id=\"xref-03-particle-dynamics-3\" data-reference=\"equation-9-14\">式 (9.14)</a>，它在粒子路径上任意给定点 $p = \\sigma ( \\lambda _ { 0 } )$ 处将粒子的速度变换为零。任何这样的、使粒子瞬时静止的惯性系称为在 $p .$ 处的 <u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:af612566-84dd-4584-9981-ae83c203343a\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-af612566-84dd-4584-9981-ae83c203343a\" id=\"first-d663ed3ab1955b715494-zh\">瞬时静止系(instantaneous rest frame)</u>，或 i.r.f.。当然，除非沿世界线速度恒定，i.r.f. 将随世界线上点的不同而变化。由于在 i.r.f. 中 $\\mathbf { v } = \\mathbf { 0 }$，由<a href=\"#equation-9-22\" class=\"cross-reference\" id=\"xref-03-particle-dynamics-4\" data-reference=\"equation-9-22\">式 (9.22)</a> 可得 $\\Delta \\tau / \\Delta t \\to 1 \\mathrm { a s } \\Delta t \\to 0$。因此，$\\Delta \\tau$ 量度的是与粒子瞬时共动的惯性钟所记录的时空间隔。它通常被解释为粒子所携带的钟从 $x ^ { \\mu }$ 到 $x ^ { \\mu } + \\Delta x ^ { \\mu }$ 所测得的时间。",
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