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        "quote": "在本章中，我们将采用狄拉克的<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:511e56a9-12c7-411e-989a-1061fc3c2882\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-511e56a9-12c7-411e-989a-1061fc3c2882\" id=\"first-3935bac23857d81829af-zh\">左矢(bra)</u>-右矢记号，这种记号虽然略显奇特，但已在物理学家中大体上成为首选约定。向量$\\psi \\in { \\mathcal { H } }$写作<u class=\"concept-term\" data-concept-identity=\"urn:uuid:ec53c000-7589-4e23-86a7-e670b510905f\" data-concept-route=\"/concept-identities#concept-ec53c000-7589-4e23-86a7-e670b510905f\" id=\"first-c70c407bcffc733f3dab-zh\">右矢(ket)</u> $|\\psi\\rangle$，并作出等同$| \\lambda \\psi \\rangle = \\lambda | \\psi \\rangle$。根据里斯表示<a href=\"../chapter-13/03-linear-functionals#theorem-13-10\" class=\"cross-reference\" id=\"xref-01-basic-concepts-2\" data-reference=\"theorem-13-10\">定理13.10</a>，对每个线性泛函$f : \\mathcal H \\to \\mathbb C$，存在唯一向量$\\phi \\equiv | \\phi \\rangle \\in { \\mathcal { H } }$使得$f(\\psi)=\\langle\\phi|\\psi\\rangle$。在狄拉克的术语中，该线性泛函被称为左矢，写作$\\langle\\phi|$。左矢与右矢之间的关系是反线性的，",
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