Woit · §39.5 Higher order operators and renormalization

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One then tries to take a limit that recovers the infinite dimensional system. Such a limit will generally be quite singular, leading to an infinite result, and the process of manipulating these potential infinities is called “renormalization”. Techniques for taking limits of this kind in a manner that leads to a consistent and physically sensible result typically take up a large part of standard quantum field theory textbooks. For many theories, no appropriate such techniques are known, and conjecturally none are possible. For others there is good evidence that such a limit can be successfully taken, but the details of how to do this remain unknown, with for instance a $1 million Millenium Prize ofered for showing rigorously this is possible in the case of Yang-Mills gauge theory (the Hamiltonian in this case will be discussed in chapter 46).

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正文:英文 OCR 草稿

来源版本:2025-10-20

原文位置:§39.5;PDF 页 441;印刷页 424

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随后人们尝试取一个能够恢复无限维系统的极限。这样的极限通常是相当奇异的,会导致无限的结果,而处理这些潜在无穷大的过程被称为“重正化”。以能够导致一致且物理上合理的结果的方式取这类极限的技术,通常占据标准量子场论教科书的大部分内容。对于许多理论,人们不知道有任何适当的此类技术,并且猜测也不可能存在任何此类技术。对于另一些理论,有很好的证据表明这样的极限可以被成功取到,但如何做到这一点的细节仍然未知,例如,对于杨-米尔斯规范理论的情形,为严格证明这是可能的而提供了 $1 百万美元的千禧年奖(此情形中的哈密顿算子将在第 46 章讨论)。

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正文:中文机译草稿

来源版本:2025-10-20

原文位置:§39.5;PDF 页 441;印刷页 424

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