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定义 · 4.9 向列相液晶中的缺陷
向列相液晶的分子很像一根棒,其序参量称为指向矢(director),由棒的平均方向给出。尽管分子本身有头有尾,指向矢却具有反演对称性,区分指向矢 与 是没有意义的。我们自然会想到用 上的一个点来指定指向矢。这样做除了一点之外都是可行的:两个对径点 与 表示同一个状态,如图 4.23所示。因此,向列相液晶的序参量是实射影平面 。一般而言,指向矢场
英文原文
The molecule of a nematic liquid crystal is very much like a rod and the order parameter, called the director, is given by the average direction of the rod. Even though the molecule itself has a head and a tail, the director has an inversion symmetry; it does not make sense to distinguish the directors and . We are tempted to assign a point on to specify the director. This works except for one point. Two antipodal points and represent the same state; see figure 4.23. Accordingly, the order parameter of the nematic liquid crystal is the projective plane . The director field in general
出处:4.9 向列相液晶中的缺陷 · node a-f426b8027a6aeadb88606725 · 源节点 SHA-256 f156f40c6914afe8…