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Woit · 2025-10-20
已登记出处中的最早位置:§2.2 · en。
来源短摘录与定位
§2.2 · en · original_transcription · ai-transcription-compared
Definition · The group U(1)
The elements of the group are points on the unit circle, which can be labeled by a unit complex number , or an angle with and labeling the same group element for . Multiplication of group elements is complex multiplication, which by the properties of the exponential satisfies
so in terms of angles the group law is addition (mod 2).