别名:equilibrium states

按作者与版本查阅

以下按已登记位置排列。出现顺序、原文引用与已登记依赖分别展示;最早位置不代表全书首次定义。

Szekeres · source-snapshot-bc3404156f6e

已登记出处中的最早位置:§16.4 · zh-CN。

位置语言登记角色
§16.4zh-CN · 英文上下文术语出现
§16.4en · 中文上下文术语出现
来源短摘录与定位

§16.4 · zh-CN · translation · unreviewed

以下处理与[10]中给出的处理类似。将假定每个热力学系统都有一类特殊的状态,称为平衡态(equilibrium state),它们构成一个维流形,并由一组热力学变量局部给出。维数称为该热力学系统的自由度数。在物理上,我们把平衡态理解为当所有外力都被移除后系统仍保持于其中的状态。对于理想气体,有两个自由度,通常取为和。变量称为内变量或热变量,其物理特征是:若只改变而保持不变,则不对系统做功,系统也不做功。诸如体积这类变量,其改变会导致对系统做功,称为外变量或形变变量。

§16.4 · en · original_transcription · unreviewed

The following treatment is similar to that given in [10]. Every thermodynamic system will be assumed to have a special class of states known as equilibrium states, forming an -dimensional manifold , and given locally by a set of thermodynamic variables . The dimension is called the number of degrees of freedom of the thermodynamic system. Physically, we think of an equilibrium state as one in which the system remains when all external forces are removed. For a perfect gas there are two degrees of freedom, usually set to be and . The variable is called an internal or thermal variable, characterized physically by the fact that no work is done on or by the system if we change alone, leaving unaltered. Variables such as volume , a change in which results in work being done on the system, are called external or deformation variables.

来源覆盖、定位与记录

索引保留所有已登记出处,不受模型材料包八小节限额影响。中英上下文按已登记的书、版次与小节配对,不冒充另一语言的概念定义。没有穷尽全书未标记的术语;程序校验不提升原著或译文审阅资格。

登记位置 2;当前可定位出现 2。

永久身份:urn:uuid:03d3ce88-0cb0-4510-9333-51e320b269f4。

身份历史 · 结构化来源索引