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Woit · 2025-10-20
已登记出处中的最早位置:§33.2 · zh-CN。
来源短摘录与定位
§33.2 · zh-CN · machine_draft · machine-draft-not-reviewed
对于任何量子系统,一个重要的问题是它是否具有唯一的能量最低态。如果能量最低态不唯一,并且一个对称群在能量最低态空间上的作用是非平凡的,则称该对称是“自发破缺(spontaneously broken)”,这一情形将在 39.4 节中讨论。在超对称量子力学系统中,从李超代数的角度考虑,人们称 为某个超对称作用的生成元,而 在该超对称下不变,其含义是 与 的对易子为零。超对称如何作用于能量最低态的问题取决于能否找到方程的解
§33.2 · en · machine_draft · machine-draft-not-reviewed
For any quantum system, an important question is that of whether it has a unique lowest energy state. If the lowest energy state is not unique, and a symmetry group acts non-trivially on the space of lowest energy states, the symmetry is said to be “spontaneously broken”, a situation that will be discussed in section 39.4. In supersymmetric quantum mechanics systems, thinking in terms of Lie superalgebras, one calls the generator of the action of a supersymmetry, with invariant under the supersymmetry in the sense that the commutator of and is zero. The question of how the supersymmetry acts on the lowest energy state depends on whether or not solutions can be found to the equation